Laravel 5.4: DBマイグレーション

What?

• LaravelでのDBマイグレーションの仕方

Why?

• そもそもなぜDBマイグレーションが必要なのか？
  • MySQL Workbenchとかを使う
    • 問題:
      • .mwbファイルとかSQLファイルとかの管理対象が増える
      • DBのバージョンとソースコードのバージョンがずれたりして死ぬことがある（死んだことがある）

Migration

• 保存場所
  • database/migrations/

$ php artisan migrate
Migration table created successfully.
Migrated: 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table
Migrated: 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table

$ mysql --user=homestead --password=secret homestead
mysql> show tables;
+---------------------+
| Tables_in_homestead |
+---------------------+
| migrations          |
| password_resets     |
| users               |
+---------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc migrations;
+-----------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field     | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+-----------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id        | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| migration | varchar(255)     | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| batch     | int(11)          | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
+-----------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc users;
+----------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field          | Type             | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+----------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id             | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| name           | varchar(255)     | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| email          | varchar(255)     | NO   | UNI | NULL    |                |
| password       | varchar(255)     | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| remember_token | varchar(100)     | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| created_at     | timestamp        | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| updated_at     | timestamp        | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+----------------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> desc password_resets;
+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field      | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| email      | varchar(255) | NO   | MUL | NULL    |       |
| token      | varchar(255) | NO   | MUL | NULL    |       |
| created_at | timestamp    | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Rollback

$ php artisan migrate:status
+------+------------------------------------------------+
| Ran? | Migration                                      |
+------+------------------------------------------------+
| Y    | 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table           |
| Y    | 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table |
+------+------------------------------------------------+
$ php artisan migrate:rollback
Rolled back: 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table
Rolled back: 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table
$ php artisan migrate:status
+------+------------------------------------------------+
| Ran? | Migration                                      |
+------+------------------------------------------------+
| N    | 2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table           |
| N    | 2014_10_12_100000_create_password_resets_table |
+------+------------------------------------------------+

Make migration

$ php artisan make:migration create_articles_table --create="articles"
Created Migration: 2017_02_14_184315_create_articles_table
$ less database/migrations/2017_02_14_184315_create_articles_table.php
<?php

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateArticlesTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('articles', function (Blueprint $table) {
            // ここから
            $table->increments('id');
            $table->string('title');
            $table->text('body');
            $table->timestamps();
            $table->timestamp('published_at')->useCurrent();
            // ここまで追加
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('articles');
    }
}

Edit migration

php artisan migrate

mysql> desc articles;
+--------------+------------------+------+-----+-------------------+----------------+
| Field        | Type             | Null | Key | Default           | Extra          |
+--------------+------------------+------+-----+-------------------+----------------+
| id           | int(10) unsigned | NO   | PRI | NULL              | auto_increment |
| title        | varchar(255)     | NO   |     | NULL              |                |
| body         | text             | NO   |     | NULL              |                |
| created_at   | timestamp        | YES  |     | NULL              |                |
| updated_at   | timestamp        | YES  |     | NULL              |                |
| published_at | timestamp        | NO   |     | CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |                |
| exceprt      | text             | NO   |     | NULL              |                |
+--------------+------------------+------+-----+-------------------+----------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

参考

http://site.oganity.pw/232/